Korean Grammar Question Words
Chapter 1. Question Words
Dictation- ♪Listen carefully to the corresponding MP3 file at www.icanspeakkorean.com. You can click on the “listening” tab where you can find the chapter ten audio file under the label “For Beginners”. Repeat what you hear, out loud, and write it down.
Exercise 1) Complete the answers below by listening to the audio at www.icanspeakkorean.com under the listening tab chapter ten and by writing the answers in Korean and translating the Q & A sentences into English.
1) What: 뭐 = 무엇
1. Q 어제 뭐를 했어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
2. Q 저번 주말에 뭐를 했어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
3. Q 그는 그의 생일에 뭐를 했어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
2) When: 언제
1. Q 언제 학교에 갔어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
2. Q 언제 처음으로 그녀의 친구를 만났어요? (처음으로 for the first time)
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
3. Q 언제 한국어를 공부했어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
3) Where: 어디
1. Q어디예요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
2. Q 저번 주말에 어디에 갔어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
3. Q 어디에서 친구를 만났어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
4. Q 어디에서 한국어를 공부했어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
4) Who: 누가(subject who), 누구(object whom)
* 누가 does not require a subject marker
1. Q 누가 했어요? (누가is the subject Who)
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
2. Q 어제 누구를 만났어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
3. Q 누구와 학교에 갔어요? (누구와 with whom)
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
4. Q 누구와 한국어를 공부했어요? (누구와 with whom)
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
5. Q 누구예요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
5) Whose: 누구의
1. Q 누구의 자동차이에요? (자동차 car)
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
2. Q 이것은 누구의 것이에요? [이것 this (thing)]
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
6) Why: 왜
1. Q 왜 학교에 갔어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
2. Q 왜 친구를 만났어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
3. Q 왜 한국어를 공부했어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
7) How: 어떻게
1. Q 어떻게 학교에 갔어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
2. Q 어떻게 친구를 만났어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
3. Q 어떻게 한국어를 공부했어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
8) How is it? / How are they? / How about?: 어때요?
1. Q 이 옷이 어때요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
2. Q 데이비드씨는 어때요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
3. Q 오늘 날씨가 어때요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
9) How was it? / How were they? / How about?: 어땠어요?
1. Q 파티가 어땠어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
2. Q 미국 여행이 어땠어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
3. Q 어제 날씨가 어땠어요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
10-1) What kind of + which : 어떤 + Noun
어떤: is used when asking about the personality, character, content, or status of someone or something that you are aware of.
Ex) 어떤 사람이 되고 싶어요? (어떤 사람 which person, 되다 to become) What kind of person do you want to be?
10-2) Which (of the given list) : 어느 + Noun
어느: is used when asking which is which out of a list of more than two things that you are aware of.
Ex) 이 중에 어느 것을 사고 싶어요? (이 this, 중에 among, 어느 것 which one) Which one among these do you want to buy?
10-3) What + which : 무슨 + Noun
무슨: is used when asking about something that you are NOT aware of. Both 무슨 and 뭐 mean “what”. However 무슨 is always followed by a noun whereas 뭐 stands alone
Ex) 무슨 말이에요? (말 words) What do you mean?
- Which one: 어느 것 = 어떤 것 (O)
무슨 것 (X)
Ex) Between coffee and tea, which one do you prefer?
커피와 차 중에 어느 것을 좋아해요? (O) (A와 B 중에 between A and B)
커피와 차 중에 어떤 것을 좋아해요? (O) (A와 B 중에 between A and B)
커피와 차 중에 무슨 것을 좋아해요? (X) (A와 B 중에 between A and B)
1. Q 어떤 드라마를 좋아해요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
2. Q 어떤 영화를 좋아해요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
3. Q 어떤 책을 좋아해요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
4. Q 어떤 꽃을 좋아해요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
5. Q 어떤 음식을 좋아해요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
6. Q 어떤 음악을 좋아해요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
7. Q 어느 나라를 좋아해요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
8. Q 어떤 춤을 좋아해요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
9. Q 어떤 도시를 좋아해요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
10. Q 어떤 남자를 좋아해요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
11. Q 어떤 운동을 좋아해요?
A (dictation)♪
Dictation) .
Exercise 2) Translate the sentences into English and vice versa.
1. 누구를 만났어요?
→ .
2. 주말에 뭐를 했어요?
→ .
3. 이것은 누구의 자동차이에요?
→ .
4. 왜 한국어를 공부해요?
→ .
5. 어떤 음식을 먹었어요?
→ .
6. 어제 어떤 영화를 봤어요?
→ .
7. Where do you live? (살다 to live)
→ .
8. When is your birthday? (생일 birthday)
→ .
9. What did you do on Christmas? (크리스마스 Christmas)
→ .
10. How do you go to school?
→ .
11. 누구예요?
→ .
12. 이것은 누구의 책이에요? (이것 this thing)
→ .
13. 어떤 노래를 좋아해요? (노래 song)
→ .
14. 한국 음식과 이탈리아 음식 중에 어느 것을 더 좋아해요? (A와/과 B 중에 Between A and B, 어느 것 which one, 더 좋아하다 to prefer)
→ .
15. How did you cook Korean food? (요리하다to cook, 한국 음식 Korean food)
→ .
16. Why do you want to go to Korea? (가고 싶다 to want to go)
→ .
17. When do you want to go to Korea?
→ .
18. Where do you want to hang out? (놀다 to hang out, to chill, to play)
→ .
19. How was your vacation? (휴가vacation)
→ .
20. What kind of men do you like? (man 남자)
→ .
21. Where did you go yesterday?
→ .
22. What did you do last weekend?
→ .
23. How did you meet your friend?
→ .
24. When did you study Korean?
→ .
25. What day is it today? (몇 요일 what day of the week)
→ .
26. With whom did you go to school?
→ .
27. Why do you like Rose? (장미 rose)
→ .
28. How is your trip? (여행 trip)
→ .
정답
Exercise 1)
What: 뭐 = 무엇
1. Q 어제 뭐를 했어요? What did you do yesterday?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 한국어를 공부했어요. I studied Korean.
2. Q 저번 주말에 뭐를 했어요? What did you do last weekend?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 제 친구를 만났어요. I met my friend.
3. Q 그는 그의 생일에 뭐를 했어요? What did he do on his birthday?
A (dictation)♪ 그는 그의 가족과 생일 파티를 했어요. He had a birthday party with his family.
When: 언제
1. Q 언제 학교에 갔어요? When did you go to school?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 오늘 오전 열시에 학교에 갔어요. I went to school at 10 AM today.
2. Q 언제 처음으로 그녀의 친구를 만났어요?
When did you meet her friend for the first time?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 일년 전에 그녀의 친구를 만났어요.
I met her friend a year ago.
3. Q 언제 한국어를 공부했어요? When did you study Korean?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 어제 한국어를 공부했어요.
I studied Korean yesterday.
Where: 어디
1. Q 어디예요? Where are you?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 학교에 있어요.
I am at school.
2. Q 저번 주말에 어디에 갔어요? Where did you go last weekend?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 저번 주말에 놀이공원에 갔어요.
I went to an amusement park last weekend.
3. Q 어디에서 친구를 만났어요? Where did you meet your friend?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 학교 사진 동아리에서 친구를 만났어요. I met my friend at the school photography club.
4. Q 어디에서 한국어를 공부했어요? Where did you study Korean?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 대학교에서 한국어를 공부했어요. I studied Korean at a university.
Who: 누가(subject who), 누구(object whom)
* 누가 does not require a subject marker
1. Q 누가 했어요? Who did it?
A (dictation)♪ 그가 했어요.
He did it.
2. Q 어제 누구를 만났어요? Who did you meet yesterday?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 어제 제 친구의 어머니를 만났어요.
I met my friend’s mother yesterday.
3. Q 누구와 학교에 갔어요? With whom did you go to school?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 제 여동생과 함께 학교에 갔어요.
I went to school together with my younger sister.
4. Q 누구와 한국어를 공부했어요? With whom did you study Korean?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 제 학교 친구와 한국어를 공부했어요.
I studied Korean with my friend from school.
5. Q 누구예요? Who is it?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 피터이에요.
I am Peter.
Whose: 누구의
1. Q 누구의 자동차이에요? Whose car is it?
A (dictation)♪ 제 자동차이에요.
It is my car.
2. Q 이것은 누구의 것이에요? Whose is this?
A (dictation)♪ 이것은 제 여자친구의 가방이에요.
This is my girlfriend’s bag.
Why: 왜
1. Q 왜 학교에 갔어요? Why did you go to school?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 학교에 공부하러 갔어요. (…러 가다 to go in order to …)
I went to school in order to study.
2. Q 왜 친구를 만났어요? Why did you meet your friend?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 영화를 보기 위해 친구를 만났어요.
I met my friend in order to watch a movie.
- …기 위해 means “in order to…” and is placed after the stem of the infinitive verbs, except in the case for the verbs가다 (to go), 오다(to come), 나가다 (to go out) and 나오다 (to come out)
3. Q 왜 한국어를 공부했어요? Why did you study Korean?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 한국에 가기 위해 한국어를 공부했어요.
I studied Korean in order to go to Korea.
How: 어떻게
1. Q 어떻게 학교에 갔어요? How did you go to school?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 걸어서 갔어요. (걸어서 on foot)
I walked to school.
2. Q 어떻게 친구를 만났어요? How did you meet your friend?
A (dictation)♪ 친구 소개로 만났어요. (친구 소개 friend introduction, 로 by)
My friend introduced me.
- Noun 로 means “through” or “by” and is combined with a vowel ending Noun
- Noun 으로 means “through” or “by” and is combined with a consonant ending Noun
3. Q 어떻게 한국어를 공부했어요? How did you study Korean?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 한국어 책으로 공부했어요.
I studied through a Korean book.
- Noun 로 means “through” or “by” and is combined with a vowel ending Noun
- Noun 으로 means “through” or “by” and is combined with a consonant ending Noun
How is it? / How are they? = 어때요?
1. Q 이 옷은 어때요? How are these clothes?
A (dictation)♪ 이 옷은 예뻐요. These clothes are pretty.
2. Q 데이비드씨는 어때요? How is Mr.David?
A (dictation)♪ 데이비드씨는 잘 지내요. Mr.David is doing well.
3. Q 오늘 날씨가 어때요? How is the weather today?
A (dictation)♪ 오늘 날씨가 좋아요. Today the weather is good.
How was it / How were they? = 어땠어요?
1. Q파티는 어땠어요? How was the party?
A (dictation)♪ 재미있었어요. It was fun.
2. Q미국 여행은 어땠어요? How was the trip to America?
A (dictation)♪ 즐거웠어요. It was pleasant.
3. Q 어제 날씨가 어땠어요? How was the weather yesterday?
A (dictation)♪ 나빴어요. It was bad.
Which: 어느 = 어떤 = 무슨
1. Q어떤 드라마를 좋아해요? Which drama do you like?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 한국 드라마를 좋아해요. I like Korean drama.
2. Q어떤 영화를 좋아해요? Which movies do you like?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 공포 영화를 좋아해요. I like horror movies.
3. Q어떤 책을 좋아해요? Which books do you like?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 소설을 좋아해요. I like novels.
4. Q어떤 꽃을 좋아해요? Which flowers do you like?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 장미를 좋아해요. I like roses.
5. Q어떤 음식을 좋아해요? Which food do you like?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 매운 음식을 좋아해요. I like spicy food.
6. Q어떤 음악을 좋아해요? Which music do you like?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 고전 음악을 좋아해요. I like classic music.
7. Q어느 나라를 좋아해요? Which country do you like?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 한국을 좋아해요. I like Korea.
8. Q어떤 춤을 좋아해요? Which dance do you like?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 발레를 좋아해요. I like ballet.
9. Q 어떤 도시를 좋아해요? Which cities do you like?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 큰 도시를 좋아해요. I like big cities.
10. Q어떤 남자를 좋아해요? Which type of men do you like?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 똑똑하고 자상한 남자를 좋아해요.
I like smart and caring men.
11. Q어떤 운동을 좋아해요? Which sport do you like?
A (dictation)♪ 저는 배드민턴을 좋아해요. I like badminton.
Exercise 2)
1. Who did you meet?
2. What did you do over the weekend?
3. Whose car is this?
4. Why do you study Korean?
5. Which food did you eat?
6. Which movie did you watch yesterday?
7. (당신은) 어디에 살아요?
8. (당신의) 생일이 언제예요?
9. 크리스마스에 뭐를 했어요?
10. (당신은) 어떻게 학교에 가요?
11. Who is it?
12. Whose book is this?
13. Which song do you like?
14. Which do you prefer between Korean food and Italian food?
15. 어떻게 한국 음식을 요리했어요?
16. 왜 한국에 가고 싶어요?
17. 언제 한국에 가고 싶어요?
18. 어디에서 놀고 싶어요?
19. 휴가가 어땠어요?
20. 어떤 남자를 좋아해요?
21. 어제 어디에 갔어요?
22. 저번 주말에 뭐를 했어요?
23. 친구를 어떻게 만났어요?
24. 언제 한국어를 공부했어요?
25. 오늘은 몇 요일이에요?
26. 학교에 누구와 갔어요?
27. 장미를 왜 좋아해요?
28. 여행이 어땠어요?