Korean Grammar Korean Number

Korean Grammar Korean Number

 

 

Korean

Sino Korean

0

 

/공

1

하나

2

3

4

5

다섯

6

여섯

7

일곱

8

여덟

9

아홉

10

11

열하나

십일

12

열둘

십이

13

열셋

십삼

14

열넷

십사

15

열다섯

십오

16

열여섯

십육

17

열일곱

십칠

18

열여덟

십팔

19

열아홉

십구

20

스물

이십

21

스물하나

이십일

22

스물둘

이십이

23

스물셋

이십삼

24

스물넷

이십사

25

스물다섯

이십오

26

스물여섯

이십육

27

스물일곱

이십칠

28

스물여덟

이십팔

29

스물아홉

이십구

30

서른

삼십

 

40

마흔

사십

50

오십

60

예순

육십

70

일흔

칠십

80

여든

팔십

90

아흔

구십

100

After 100 온

Sino Korean numbers are used

 

1000

 

 

10000

 

 

10,0000

 

십만

 

100,0000

 

백만

 

1000,0000

 

천만

...

 

10000,0000

 

 

 

  • In Korea the comma is placed after the fourth digit, whereas in North America and in some European countries, the comma is placed after the third digit.

EX) 100,0000,0000,0000,0000 (The Korean way for using commas)

1. We use Korean numbers with    counting markers

 

  • Counting markers need to combine with Korean numbers because counting markers can’t stand alone.
  • When we combine Korean numbers with counting markers:

하나 (1) changes to 한 + counting marker

둘 (2) changes to 두 + counting marker

셋 (3) changes to 세 + counting marker

넷 (4) changes to 네 + counting marker

스물 (20) changes to 스무 + counting marker

 

 

Counting markers:

 

1)  Counting hours (o’clock)(시)

 

Ex)     몇 시 what time, 한 시 1 o’clock,  두 시 2 o’clock

 

 

2)  Counting hours(시간),    Counting months(달)

 

Ex)     몇 시간 how many hours, 한 시간 one hour, 두 시간 two hours

         몇 달 how many month, 한 달 one month, 두 달 two months

 

 

3)  Counting specific items such as age(살), people(명), animals(마리), things(개), cups(잔), books(권), bottles(병), paper/sheet(장), flowers(송이), houses(채), pieces (조각) and serving(그릇)

 

Ex)     몇 살 how old, 한 살 a year old, 두 살 two years old

         몇 명 how many people, 한 명 a person, 두 명 two people

몇 마리 how many animals, 한 마리 an animal, 두 마리 two animals

         몇 개 how many things, 한 개 a thing, 두 개 two things

몇 잔 how many cups, 한 잔a cup, 두 잔 two cups

몇 권 how many books, 한 권 a book, 두 권 two books

몇 병 how many bottles, 한 병 a bottle, 두 병 two bottles

몇 장 how many sheets, 한 장 a sheet, 두 장 two sheets

몇 송이 how many flowers, 한 송이 a flower, 두 송이 two flowers

몇 채 how many houses, 한 채 a house, 두 채 two houses

몇 조각 how many pieces, 한 조각 a piece, 두 조각 two pieces

몇 그릇 how many servings, 한 그릇 a serving, 두 그릇 two servings

 

 

 

4)   Counting times for frequencies such as once, twice, and three times (번), Counting times for multiplication (배)

 

Ex)     몇 번 how many times, 한 번 once, 두 번 twice, 세 번 three times

         몇 배 how many times, 한 배 x1, 두 배 x2, 세 배 x3

 

 

5)   Counting machines or electronic devices such as cell phones, phones, televisions, cars, laptops, computers, washers, and fridges (대)

 

Ex)     몇 대 how many machines/devices, 한 대 a machine/device

 

 

 

6)   Ordinal numbers such as first, second and third (번째)

 

Ex)       몇 번째 what ordinal number, *첫 번째 first, 두 번째 second, 세 번째 third 

  • Define the Item first and then add the number and the counting marker

ITEM + NUMBER + COUNTING MARKER

Ex)

Q. 아메리카노 몇 잔 드릴까요? How many cups of Americano should I serve?

A. 아메리카노 두 잔 주세요. Two cups of Americano, please.

 

Q. 차 몇 대 있어요? How many cars do you have?

A. 차 세 대 있어요. I have three cars.

 

Q. 친구 몇 명 있어요? How many friends do you have?

A. 친구 한 명 있어요. I have a friend.

 

Q. 방 몇 개 있어요? How many rooms do you have?

A. 방 네 개 있어요. I have four rooms.

 

Q. 책을 몇 권 읽어요? How many books do you read?

A. 책을 다섯 권 읽어요. I read five books.

 

Ex)                                                                                                                  

커피 한 잔                           a cup of coffee                                                                                            차 두 잔/ 차 두 대              two cups of tea / two cars                                                                                    줄넘기 세 번                       three jumping ropes                                                                              소설책 네 권                four novels                                                                                            컴퓨터 다섯 대                    five computers                                                                                      자동차 여섯 대                         six cars                                                                                                만화책 스무 권                    twenty comic books                                                                                 와인 스물한 병                      twenty-one bottles of wine

 

Exercise1) Translate the following Korean conversations into English.

1. 몇 살 how old

Q 그는 몇 살이에요?

                                                                                                                 .

A 그는 스물세 살이에요.

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

2. 몇 명 how many people

Q 당신은 친구 몇 명 있어요? (친구 friend)

                                                                                                                 .

A 저는 친구 다섯 명 있어요.

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

3. 몇 마리 how many animals

Q 그녀는 고양이 몇 마리 있어요 have, there is, stay, exist? (고양이 cat)

                                                                                                                 .

A 그녀는 고양이 한 마리 있어요.

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

 

4. 몇 개 how many things

Q 당신은 펜 몇 개 있어요? (펜 pen)

                                                                                                                 .

A 저는 펜 열한 개 있어요.

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

5. 몇 잔 how many cups

Q 당신은 하루에 커피 몇 잔 마셔요? (하루에 per day, 마시다 to drink)

                                                                                                                 .

A 저는 하루에 커피 세 잔 마셔요.

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

6. 몇 권 how many books

Q 당신은 일년에 책 몇 권 읽어요? (일년에 per year, 책 book, 읽다 to read)    

                                                                                                                 .                                                              

A 저는 일년에 책 스물두 권 읽어요.

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

 

7. 몇 병 how many bottles

Q 당신은 한 달에 와인 몇 병 마셔요? (한 달에 per month, 와인 wine, 마시다 to drink)   

                                                                                                                 .                       

A 저는 한 달에 와인 네 병 마셔요.

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

8. 몇 시 what time (시 exact hour: o’clock)

  • For exact time or time related phrase, we add time marker 에

Q 몇 시예요?

                                                                                                                 .

A 네 시예요.

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

Q 몇 시에 일어나요? [몇 시에 at what time (에 is time marker), 일어나다 to get up]

                                                                                                                 .

A 여덟 시에 일어나요. [여덟 시에 at 8 o’clock (에 is time marker)]

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

9. 몇 시간 how many hours (시간 hour duration: hours)

  • For time duration, we don’t add time marker 에

Q 당신은 오늘 학교에 몇 시간 있어요? (오늘 today, 학교에 at school, 있다 to stay)     

                                                                                                                 .                                                    

A 저는 여덟 시간 반 있어요. (반 half)

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

10-1. 몇 번 how many times: frequency (Korean Number)

Q 당신은 하루에 이를 몇 번 닦아요? (이를 닦다 to brush teeth)  

                                                                                                                 .                                                                                                   

A 저는 하루에 이를 세 번 닦아요.

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

10-2. 몇 번 What number: number (Sino Korean Number)

Q 문제 몇 번이 어려워요?  (문제 problem/question, 어렵다 to be difficult)

                                                                                                                 .                                                                                                   

A 문제 사 번이 어려워요. 

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

11. 몇 대 how many machines

Q 당신의 가족은 자동차 몇 대 있어요? (가족 family, 자동차 car)

                                                                                                                 .

A 제 가족은 자동차 두 대 있어요.

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

12. 몇 송이  how many roses

Q 그는 그녀에게 장미 몇 송이를 줘요? (장미 rose)

                                                                                                                 .

A 그는 그녀에게 장미 두 송이를 줘요.

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

13. 몇 채 how many houses/ apartments

Q 그들은 아파트 몇 채 있어요? (아파트 apartment)

                                                                                                                 .

A 그들은 아파트 다섯 채 있어요.

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

14. 몇 그릇 how many servings

Q 비빔밥 몇 그릇을 드릴까요? [드리다 to give (with respect), …ㄹ까요? Should I…?]

                                                                                                                 .

A 비빔밥 세 그릇을 주세요.

                                                                                                                 .

15. 몇 조각 how many pieces

Q 케이크 몇 조각을 먹고 싶어요? (케이크 cake)

                                                                                                                 .

A 케이크 다섯 조각을 먹고 싶어요.

                                                                                                                 .

 

16. 몇 번째 what ordinal number

  • *첫 번째 first, 두 번째 second, 세 번째 third, 네 번째 forth, 다섯 번째 fifth, 여섯 번째 sixth, 일곱 번째 seventh, 여덟 번째 eighth, 아홉 번째 ninth, 열 번째 tenth, 스무 번째 twentieth, 서른 번째 thirtieth

 

Q 책이 몇 번째 서랍에 있어요? (책 book, 서랍 drawer, 에 location marker: “in”, “at”)

                                                                                                                 .

A 책이 두 번째 서랍에 있어요.

                                                                                                                  .

 

A 스무 번째 생일을 축하합니다! (생일 birthday, 축하합니다 congratulations)

                                                                                                                 .

B 감사합니다.

                                                                                                                 .

 

 

 

 

 

 

Answers)

Exercise 1)                                                                                                     

1)  Q. How old is he?                                                                                  

     A. He is twenty-three years old.

2)  Q. How many friends do you have?

     A. I have five friends.

3)  Q. How many cats does she have?

     A. She has one cat.

4)  Q. How many pens do you have?

     A. I have eleven pens.

5)  Q. How many cups of coffee do you drink per day?

     A. I drink three cups of coffee per day.

6)  Q. How many books do you read per year?

     A. I read twenty-two books per year.

7)  Q. How many bottles of wine do you drink per month?

     A. I drink four bottles of wine per month.

8)  Q. What time is it?

     A. It is four o’clock.

 

     Q. What time do you get up ?

     A. I get up at 8 o’clock.

9)  Q. How many hours do you stay at school today?

     A. I stay eight hours and half.

10-1) Q. How many times do you brush your teeth per day?

          A. I brush my teeth three times per day.

10-2) Q. What question number is difficult?

          A. Question number 4 is difficult.

11) Q. How many cars does your family have?

      A. My family has two cars.

12) Q. How many roses does he give to her?

      A. He gives two roses to her.

13) Q. How many apartments do they have?

      A. They have five apartments.

14-1) Q. How many servings of Bibimbap should I serve?

         A. Two servings of Bibimbap, please.

14-2) Q. How many servings of Spaghetti should I serve?

         A. Four servings of Spaghetti, please.

 

15) Q. How many pieces of cake do you want to eat?

      A. I want to eat five pieces of cake.

16) Q. What drawer is the book in?

      A. The book is in the second drawer.

 

      A. Happy twentieth birthday!

      A. Thank you.

 

Review)

 

1. 그녀는  열아홉   이에요. 

 

2. 저는 비빔밥을   세   그릇   먹어요. 

 

3. 저는 커피를   한    마셔요.

 

4. 그녀는 자동차가 한     있어요. 

 

5. 카드를 두      주세요. 

 

6. 책을 다섯      읽어요.

 

7. 새 컴퓨터를   두    사고 싶어요. 

 

8. 제 동생은 세       이에요. 

 

9. 일주일에 몇        친구를 만나요. 

 

10. 의자 네      와 책상 네       를 가져 오세요. 

 

11. 저는 고양이가 한   마리   있어요. 

 

12. 그는 개가 두    마리  있어요.

 

13. 와인을  한      사요. 

 

14. 저는 친구가 아홉     있어요. 

 

15. 그는 그녀에게 꽃을  열   송이     줘요. 

 

16. 집에 세탁기 한      와 냉장고 두    가 있어요.

 

17. 그는 도서관에서 세   시간    공부해요.  

 

18. 그녀는 일곱   에 일어나요. 

 

19. 파티에 사람이 열         와요. 

 

20. 저는 만화책을 열두        읽어요.

 

21. 저는 동생이 두  명    있어요.