Korean Basic Words 기초 단어

Korean Basic Words 기초 단어 

 

가게 n. store 

 

가깝다 a. to be near 

         Antonym) 멀다 v. to be far

 

가까이 ad. Nearby

Antonym) 멀리ad. far away

 

가끔 ad. sometimes 

 

가다 v. to go 

 

가르치다 v. to teach

         

가방 n. bag

          

가을 n. fall 

 

 

가족 n. family

         

가지다 v. 1) to have (you don’t have it now)

              2) Physical trait (past tense)

 

간단하다 ad. to be simple

 

갑자기 ad. Suddenly

 

 

강하다 v. to be strong  

Synonym) 세다 v. to be strong, 튼튼하다 v. to be strong 

Antonym) 약하다 v. to be weak

 

같다 v. to be same 

Antonym) 다르다 v. to be different

 

같이 ad. together 

synonym) 함께 

 

거실 n. living room

 

거의 ad. almost (affirmative statement), rarely (negative statement)

 

거의 다  al. almost

 

 

걱정하다 v. to worry        

 

걷다 v. to walk       

 

걸리다 v. to take (time)

         

것 n. thing, something

         

겨울 n. winter

 

고기 n. meat

 

 

고르다 v. to choose 

synonym) 선택하다 v. to select

 

공부하다 v. to study

 

공짜 adj. free 

synonym) 무료 ad. free

         

공짜로 ad. for free 

synonym) 무료로 ad. for free

 

구두 n. shoes

Synonym) 신발 n. shoes

 

구름 n. cloud

 

그만 ad. stop

          

기다리다 v. to wait

 

기억나다 v. to remember

 

기차 n. train

         

기쁘다 v. to be glad        

 

길다 adj. to be long

 

개월 n. months (duration)

         

과목 n. subject

 

과일 n. fruit

 

관심 n. interest 

synonym) 흥미 n. interest

 

귀 n. ear

         

괜찮다 adj. to be ok

 

 

까지 prep. until <-> 에서prep. from (place)

                  

 

까지 prep. until <-> 부터 prep. from (time)

 

         

꽃 n. flower

 

 

깨다 v. to wake up

 

 

깨어 있다 adj. to be awake

 

 

깨우다 v. to wake someone up 

         

 

깨끗하다 adj. to be clean 

Antonym) 더럽다 adj. to be dirty

         

 

끄다 v. to turn off

Antonym) 켜다 v. to turn on

 

 

끝나다 v. to finish itself

Antonym) 시작하다v. to start

 

 

끝내다 v.to finish something 

Antoym) 시작하다 v. to start

 

 

 

 

나가다 v. to go out

          

 

나오다 v. to come out 

 

 

나라 n. country

         

나무 n. tree

                  

나쁘다 adj. to be bad 

Antonym) 착하다 adj. to be nice 

         

나이 n. age

 

날씨 n. weather     

 

남자 n. man, boy

Antonym) 여자n. woman, girl

         

남편 n. husband  

Antonym) 아내 n. wife

 

너무 adj. very

Synonym) 아주 adj. very, 매우 adj. very, 엄청 adj. very

 

너무 많이 ad. too much

 

년 n. year                      

 

노래 n. song

 

노래하다 v. to sing

         

놀다 v. to hang out, to chill, to play

 

높다 adj. to be high

Antonym) 낮다 adj. to be low

                  

누나 n. older sister (speaker is a boy)

Antonym) 형 n. older brother (speaker is a boy)

 

눈 n. snow, eye

         

눈사람 n. snowman

         

내일 ad. tomorrow

 

네 yes

 

늦다 adj. to be late

 

늦게 ad. late

Antonym) 일찍 ad. early                       

 

 

다 ad. all

Synonym) 모두 ad. all

 

다리 n. bridge, legs

 

 

다니다 v. to attend, to go regularly

 

 

다르다 adj. to be different

Antonym) 같다 adj. to be the same

 

 

닦다 v. to brush, to wipe

         

 

닭 n. chichen

 

 

닭고기 n. chicken (meat)

 

 

닫다 v. to close 

Antonym) 열다 v. to open

 

 

달 n. moon

Antonym) 해 n. sun

Antonym) 태양 n. sun

 

 

달다 adj. to be sweet

Antonym) 짜다 adj. to be salty

 

 

달리다 v. to run 

Synonym) 뛰다 v. to run

 

답 n. answer 

Antonym) 질분 n. question

 

 

답하다 v. to answer  

Antonym) 질문하다 v. to ask a question

 

 

답답하다 adj. to be frustrated 

 

 

 

더럽다 adj. to be dirty 

Antonym) 깨끗하다 adj. to be clean

         

 

덥다adj. to be hot (only refers to weather)

Antonym) 춥다 adj. to be cold (only refers to weather)

 

 

도시 n. city

         

 

도착 n. arrival

Antonym) 출발 n. departure

 

 

도착하다 v. to arrive 

Antonym) 출발하다 v. depart

 

 

돌 n. stone

 

 

돌보다 v. to take care of

Synonym) 보살피다 v. to take care of

 

 

동물 n. animal

 

 

동생 n. younger sibling

 

두껍다 adj. to be thick

Antonym) 얇다 adj. to be thin

 

 

듣다 v. to listen, to hear

         

 

대답하다 v. to reply

Antonym) 물어보다 v. ask

 

 

대화 n. conversation

 

 

대화하다 v. to converse

Synonym) 이야기하다 v. to talk

 

         

되다 v. to become

         

 

돼지 n. pig

 

 

돼지고기 n. pork

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

따뜻하다 adj. to be warm  

Antonym) 차갑다 adj. to be cold

         

 

딱딱하다 adj. to be hard (physically) 

Antonym) 부드럽다 adj. to be soft

 

 

딸 n. daughter

Antonym) 아들 n. son

 

 

떠나다 v. to leave   

 

 

똑똑하다 adj. to be smart 

         

 

뚱뚱하다 adj. to be fat

Antonym)  날씬하다 adj. to be slim

 

 

뜨겁다 adj. to be hot (temperature) 

          

 

뛰다 v. to run

Synonym) 달리다 v. run

 

 

 

 

 

 

라디오n. radio 

 

 

라면 n. Ramen

         

 

 

 

 

 

마시다 v. to drink

         

 

마을 n. town   

Synonym)  도시 n. city

 

 

마음 n. mind,  emotaional heart 

Synonym) 심장 physical heart

 

 

마지막 n. last, end

Antonym) 처음 n. first

 

 

마지막에 ad. at last, at the end 

Antonym) 처음에 ad. at first

 

 

마지막으로 ad. for the last time

Antonym) 처음으로 ad. for the first time

 

 

만나다 v. to meet

 

만들다 v. to make 

         

 

만지다 v. to touch

 

 

많다 adj. to be many, to be much 

Antonym) 적다 adj. to be few, to be little

 

 

말하다 v. to speak 

Synonym) 이야기하다 v. to talk

         

 

맛 n. taste, flavor

 

 

맛있어요 adj. to be delicious

Antonym) 맛없어요 adj. not to be delicious

 

                  

머리 n. head, hair

 

 

먹다 v. to eat

 

 

먼저 ad. in advance 

 

                  

멋있어요 adj. to be gorgeous 

 

 

모두 ad. all

Synonym) 다 ad. all

 

 

모두 다 ad. all together 

 

 

모레 ad. the day after tomorrow

 

 

모르다 v. not to know

Antonym) 알다 v. to know

 

목 n. neck

         

 

목걸이 n. necklace (걸다 v. to hang, 걸이 n. hang)

 

 

목욕하다 v. to take a bath (목욕 bath)

         

 

몸 n. body 

         

 

무엇 = 뭐 what

         

 

물 n. water

 

 

물건 n. thing, stuff 

Synonym) 것 thing

 

 

물어보다 to ask 

 

 

미리 ad. in advance 

         

 

믿다 v. to trust 

 

 

매일 n. everyday

 

 

매주 n. every week

 

 

매달 n. every month

 

 

매년 n. every year

 

 

바꾸다 v. to change

         

 

바다 n. sea, ocean

         

 

바쁘다 adj. to be busy

         

 

바지 n. pants

         

 

밖 outside 

Antonym) 안 inside     

         

 

반찬 n. side dishes

          

 

받다 v. to receive 

Antonym) 보내다 v. to send

 

발 n. foot/ feet

         

 

발목 n. ankle

 

 

밥 n. (steamed) rice

         

 

방 n. room

         

 

방학 n. school break

         

 

버릇없다 adj. to be rude

Antonym) 예의있다 adj. to be polite

 

벌다 v. to earn money 

         

 

벌써 ad. already

 

 

별 n. star

 

         

보다 v. to watch, to see

 

 

보내다 v. to spend time, to send letter/email 

Antonym) 받다 to receive

 

 

보내주다 v. to send out (보내다 v. to send + 주다 v. to give)

 

 

보살피다 v. to take care of

Synonym) 돌보다 v. to take care of

 

 

보여주다 v. to show (보이다 v. to be seen + 주다 v. to give)

 

복잡하다 adj. to be compllicated/complicating

 

부끄럽다 adj. to be shy 

         

 

부드럽다 adj. to be soft 

Antonym) 딱딱하다 adj. to be hard (physically)

 

         

부지런하다 adj. to be diligent 

Antonym) 게으르다 adj. to be lazy

 

 

부부 n. married couple

         

 

부모님 n. parents

 

 

부자 n. rich

 

 

불 n. fire

 

 

불고기 n. bulgogi, fired grilled meat, bbq (불 fire +고기 meat)

 

 

비 n. rain

 

 

비싸다 adj. to be expensive 

Antonym) 싸다 adj. to be cheap

 

         

비슷하다 adj. to be similar

 

 

빌리다 v. to borrow, to rent

 

 

빌려 주다 v. to lend

 

 

배 n. stomach, pear

         

 

배고파요 adj. to be hungry

 

 

배불러요 adj. to be full

         

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

빨리ad. fast, quickly

Antonym) 천천히 ad. slowly

 

 

빵 n. bread

 

 

뽀뽀하다 v. to kiss

 

 

 

 

 

 

사귀다 v. to date someone, to make a new friend 

 

 

사다 v. to buy

Antonym) 팔다 v. to sell

 

 

사람 n. person

 

 

사랑 n. love

 

 

사랑스럽다 adj. to be lovely (사랑 n. love + -스럽다 -ly)

 

 

사랑하다 v. to love

 

 

사용하다 v. to use 

Synonym) 쓰다 v. to use

 

 

사이 n. between, relationship

 

 

사촌 n. cousin

 

 

산 n. mountain

 

 

살다 v. to live 

Antonym) 죽다 v. to die

 

 

샤워 n. shower

 

 

샤워하다 v. to take a shower

 

 

서로 each other 

 

 

선물 n. present

 

 

선배 n. senior 

Antonym) 후배 n. junior

 

 

선생님 n. teacher

Antonym) 학생 n. student

 

 

선택하다 v. to select

Synonym) 고르다 v. to choose

 

 

설거지하다 v. to do the dishes 

 

 

셔츠 n. shirt

 

소 n. cow

 

 

소고기 n. beef

 

 

소리 n. sound

 

 

소식 n. (personal) news

                  

 

속옷 n. underwear

 

 

손 n. hand

 

 

손목 n. wrist

 

 

숟가락 n. spoon

 

 

슬프다 adj. to be sad

 

 

시간 n. time

 

 

시계 n. clock 

Synonym) 손목시계 n. watch (손목 n. wrist + 목 neck)

 

 

시작하다 v. to start 

Antonym) 끝나다 v. to finish itself

Antonym) 끝내다 v. to finish something

 

 

신발 n. shoes

Synonym) 구두 n. classic shoes

 

신다 v. to wear shoes

 

 

심심하다 v. to be bored since there is nothing to do

 

 

실망하다 adj. to be disappointed 

 

 

실수하다 v. to make a mistake 

 

 

싫어하다 v. to dislike, to hate

Antonym) 좋아하다 v. to like 

 

 

새롭다 adj. to be new

 

 

색(깔) n. color

 

 

생각하다 v. to think 

 

 

쉬다 v. to take a rest 

 

 

쉽다 adj. to be easy 

Antonym) 어렵다 adj. to be difficult

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

싸다 adj. to be cheap

Antonym) 비싸다 adj. to be expensive

 

싸우다 v. to fight

 

 

쌀 n. rice (grain)

 

 

쓰다 v. to write, to use, to be bitter

Synonym) 사용하다 v. to use

 

 

씻다 v. to wash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

아기 n. baby

         

 

아내 n. wife

Antonym) 남편 n. husband

 

         

아니요 no

Antonym) 네 yes

Antonym) 예 yes

 

 

아니에요 am not, are not, is not

Antonym) 이에요 am, are ,is

 

 

아들 n. son

Antonym) 딸 n. daughter

아이 n. kid

                   

 

아이스크림 n. ice cream

          

 

아프다 adj. to be sick

         

 

안 inside 

Antonym) 밖 outside

 

                  

안다 v. to hug

          

 

안전하다 adj. to be safe 

Antonym) 위험하다adj. to be dangerous 

 

 

앉다 v. to sit down

Antonym) 일어나다 v. to stand up

 

 

알다 v. to know

Antonym) 모르다v. not to know

 

 

알아듣다 v. to understand (알다 v. to know + 듣다 v. to listen)

Synonym) 이해하다 v. to understand

 

 

약 n. medicine

 

 

약하다 adj. to be weak 

Antonym) 강하다 adj. to be strong

 

 

얇다adj. to be thin

Antonym) 두껍다 [duqeop’da] adj. to be thick

 

 

양말 n. socks

어디 where

         

 

어떻게 how

         

 

어렵다 adj. to be difficult

Antonym) 쉽다 adj. to be easy

 

 

어른 n. adult

 

 

어린이 n. child

         

 

어제 ad. yesterday

         

 

언니 n. older sister (speaker is a girl)

Antonym) 오빠 n. older brother (speaker is a girl)

         

 

언제 when

         

 

얼굴 n. face

         

 

얼다 v. to freeze

Antonym) 녹다 v. to melt

 

         

얼음 n. ice

         

 

없다 v. not to exist, not to have, not to stay

Antonym) 있다 v. to exist, to have, to stay

 

         

여보 n. darling

         

 

여보세요 hello (on the phone)

          

여자 n. woman

Antonym) 남자 n. man

 

         

여행 n. travel

         

 

여행가다 v. to go traveling

          

 

여행오다 v. to come traveling

         

 

여행하다 v. to travel

         

 

연락하다 v. to contact

                   

 

연습하다 v. to practice

 

 

연필 n. pencil

 

 

열다 v. to open

Antonym) 닫다 v. to close

 

 

열심히 ad. hard 

 

 

열차 n. train 

Synonym) 기차 n. train

 

 

오늘 adj. today

 

 

오다 v. to come

Antonym) 가다 v. to go

 

 

오빠 n. older brother (speaker is a girl)

Antonym) 언니 n. older sister (speaker is a girl)

오래 adj. long (time)

 

 

오랫동안 ad. for a long time

 

 

오전 adj. morning

Synonym) 아침 n. morning 

 

 

오후 adj. afternoon

 

 

옷 n. clothes

 

 

요리 n. cooking, dish

 

 

요리하다 v. to cook

 

 

우산 n. umbrella

 

 

유명하다 adj. to be famous

Synonym) 인기있다 adj. to be popular

 

 

운동 n. sports

Synonym) 스포츠 n. sports

 

 

운동하다 v. to do sports, to work out

 

 

운전 n. drive

 

 

운전하다 v. to drive

 

 

울다 v. to cry

Antonym) 웃다 v. to smile

 

웃기다 adj. to be hilarious, to be funny

Synonym) 재미있다 adj. to be entertaining

 

 

웃다 v. to smile

Antonym) 울다 v. to cry

 

 

음식 n. food

 

 

음식점 n. restaurant

 

 

이야기하다 v. to talk

Synonym) 대화하다 v. to converse

Synonym) 말하다 v. to speak

 

 

이해하다 v. to understand 

Synonym) 알아듣다 v. to understand 

 

 

인기있다 adj. to be popular

Synonym) 유명하다 adj. to be famous

 

인사 n. greeting

 

 

인사하다 v. to greet

 

 

일 n. work

 

 

일어나다 v. to get up, to stand up 

Antonym) 자다 v. to sleep

Antonym) 앉다 v. to sit down

 

 

일찍 ad. early 

Antonym) 늦게 ad. late

 

 

일하다 v. to work

읽다 v. to read

 

 

잃다 v. to lose 

Antonym) 얻다 v. to gain

 

 

입 n. a mouth

 

 

입다 v. to wear

 

 

있다 v. to exist, to have, to stay

Antonym) 없다 v. not to exist, not to have, not to stay

 

 

예 yes

Antonym) 아니요 no

 

예뻐요 adj. to be pretty

 

 

예의있다 adj. to be polite

Antonym) 버릇없다 adj. to be rude

 

 

원하다 v. want something

 

 

월 n. month 

 

 

왜 why

 

 

위험하다 adj. to be dangerous 

Antonym) 안전하다 adj. to be safe

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

자다 v. to sleep

Antonym) 일어나다 v. to get up

 

 

자동차 n. car

Synonym) 차 n. car

 

 

자랑하다 v. to show off

 

 

자랑스럽다 adj. to be pround of  

 

 

자상하다 adj. to be caring

 

 

자전거 n. bicycle

 

 

자주 ad. often

 

 

작다 adj. to be small

Antonym) 크다 adj. to be big

 

잘 ad. well

 

 

잘못하다 v. to do wrong

Synonym) 실수하다 v. to make a mistake

Antonym) 잘 하다 v. to do well

 

 

적다 adj. to be little, to be few

Antonym) 많다 adj. to be many, to be a lot

 

 

전철 n. subway

Synonym) 지하철 n. subway

 

 

전화 n. phone

 

 

전화하다 v. to call

 

 

전화번호 n. phone number

 

 

젓가락 n. chopsticks

Antonym) 숟가락 n. spoon

 

 

젼혀 ad. (not) at all (in a negative sentence)

Antonym) 항상 ad. always

 

절대 ad. never 

Antonym) 항상 ad. always

 

 

존경하다 v. to respect

 

 

좁다 adj. to be narrow

Antonym) 넓다 adj. to be wide

 

 

종이 n. paper

 

 

좋다 adj. to be good

Antonym) 나쁘다 adj. to be bad

 

 

좋아하다 v. to like

Antonym) 싫어하다 v. to dislike, to hate

 

 

주  n. week

 

 

주다 v. to give

Antonym) 받다  v. to receive

Synonym) 보내다 v. to send 

주말 n. weekend

Antonym) 평일 n. weekdays

 

 

주소 n. address

 

 

주일 n. weeks (duration)

 

 

준비하다 v. to prepare

 

 

즐겁다 adj. to be pleasant

Synonym) 기쁘다 adj. to be glad

 

 

 

지각하다 adj. to be late 

Synonym) 늦다 adj. to be late

 

 

지겹다 adj. to be tired of, to be sick of

 

 

지루하다adj. to be bored, (something) to be boring

 

 

지우개 n. eraser

 

 

지우다v. to erase

 

 

지저분하다 adj. to be messy, to be unclean

Antonym) 깨끗하다 adj. to be clean

Synonym) 더럽다 adj. to be dirty

 

 

지하철 n. subway

Synonym) 전철 n. subway

 

 

집 n. house, home

 

재미있다 adj. to be interesting, to be entertaining

 

 

재미없다 adj. not to be interesting, not to be entertaining

 

 

 

짜다adj. to be salty, someone is being cheap

Antonym) 달다 adj. to be sweet         

         

짧다 adj. to be short

Antonym) 길다 adj. to be long

 

         

 

 

 

차 n. car, tea

Synonym) 자동차 n. car

 

          

차갑다 adj. (something) to be cold 

Antonym) 따뜻하다 adj. (something) to be warm

 

 

착하다 adj. to be nice (personality)

Antonym) 나쁘다 adj. to be bad (personality)

 

         

찾다 v. to look for, to find 

Antonym) 잃어버리다 v. to lose 

 

 

처음 n. first 

Antonym) 마지막 last

 

 

처음에 ad. at first 

Antonym) 마지막에 ad. at last           

 

처음으로 ad. for the first time 

Antonym) 마지막으로 ad. for the last time

 

 

처음부터 ad. from the beginning

Antonym) 마지막까지 ad. until the end

 

         

천천히 ad. slowly 

Antonym) 빨리 ad. quickly, fast

         

 

춤 n. dance

          

 

춤추다v.  to dance

         

 

춥다 adj. to be cold (weather)

Antonym) 덥다  adj. to be hot (weather)

         

 

책 n. book

         

 

치마 n. skirt

         

 

친구 n. friend

         

 

친하다 adj. to get along 

          

 

친절하다 adj. to be kind

         

 

칭찬하다 v. to praise, to complement

Antonym) 혼내다 v. to punish

 

          

         

         

 

 

 

카드 n. card

 

 

커피 n. coffee

         

 

컴퓨터 n. computer

         

 

컵 n. cup

         

 

켜다 v. to turn on

Antonym) 끄다 v. to turn on

 

 

코 n. nose

         

         

크다 adj. to be big

Antonym) 작다adj. to be small

 

         

키 n. height

         

 

 

 

 

타다 v. to take transportation, to ride (a swing/horse)

Antonym) 내리다 v. to get off 

 

 

털 n. hair on the body

Synonym) 머리 n. hair 

 

 

통통하다 adj. be chubby

Antonym) 날씬하다 adj. to be slim

 

파리 n. fly

 

 

팔 n. arm

 

 

팔다 v. to sell

Antonym) 사다 v. to buy

 

 

편지n. letter

 

 

펜 n. pen

Synonym) 연필n. pencil

 

 

필요하다 v. to need

 

 

평일 n. weekdays

Antonym) 주말 n. weekend

 

 

 

하다 v. to do

 

 

하루 n. day

Synonym) 날 n. day

 

학교 n. school

 

 

학생 n. student

Antonym) 선생님 n. teacher

 

 

한국 n. Korea

 

 

한국어 n. Korean language

 

 

항상 ad. always

 

 

형 n. older brother (speaker is a boy)

Antonym) 누나 n. older sister (speaker is a boy)

 

 

혼나다 v. to be punished

 

 

혼내다 v. to punish

Antonym) 칭찬하다 v. to praise, to give a compliment

 

 

후배 n. junior 

Antonym) 선배 n. senior

 

 

휴가 n. vacation

 

 

휴대폰 n. cell phone

Synonym) 핸드폰 n. cell phone

 

 

휴일 n. holiday

Synonym) 공휴일 n. public holiday

 

 

해 n. sun

Synonym) 태양 n. sun

 

 

핸드폰 n. cell phone

Synonym) 휴대폰 n. cell phone

 

 

행복하다 adj. to be happy

 

헷갈리다 adj. something is confusing, to be confused

Antonym) 이해하다 v. to understand 

 

 

화나다 adj. to be angry 

 

 

화내다 adj. to show one’s anger 

 

 

화장품 n. cosmetics

 

         

화장하다 v. to put on make up

 

         

화장실 n. restroom, powder room

 

 

확실하다 adj. to be sure, to be obvious, to be certain

Antonym) 불확실하다 adj. not to be certian

 

 

확인하다 v. to verify, to confirm, to check

 

 

회사 n. company

Synoym) 직장 n. work place

Korean Article