Korean Basic Verbs & Adjectives

 

Korean Basic Verbs & Adjectives

 

To memorize them better, write the conjugated vocabularies three times and translate example sentences into English:

 

1. 가요go                             (가다 to go)

 

 

                                                                                                             

 

ex) 저는 학교에 가요. (학교 school, 에 to , 학교에 to school)

 

 

 

 

 

2. 와요 come                       (오다 to come)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 비가 와요. (비 rain)

 

 

 

 

 

3. 해요 do                             (하다 to do)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그들은 숙제를 해요. (숙제 homework)

 

 

 

 

 

4. 봐요 watch/see              (보다 to watch, to see)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그녀는 영화를 봐요. (영화 movie)

 

 

5. 먹어요 eat                     (먹다 to eat)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그들은 김치를 먹어요. (김치 Kimchi)

 

 

 

 

6. 마셔요 drink                     (마시다 to drink)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 우유를 마셔요. (우유 milk)

 

 

 

 

7. 걸어요 walk                     (걷다 to walk)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저희는 공원에서 걸어요.

 

  • 공원에서 in the park
  • 에서 is a location marker meaning “In”, “at”, or, “from”
  • 에서 is used when active verbs are present within the sentence eg. Exercise, work, study. 에 is used for non action verbs eg. To Be verbs, exist, not exist.

 

 

 

 

8. 뛰어요 run                     (뛰다 to run)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그녀는 공원에서 뛰어요.

 

  • 공원에서 in the park
  • 에서 is a location marker meaning “In”, “at”, or, “from”
  • 에서 is used when active verbs are present within the sentence eg. Exercise, work, study. 에 is used for non action verbs eg. To Be verbs, exist, not exist.

 

 

 

9. 놀아요 play/hang out/chill      (놀다 to play, to hang out, to chill)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 친구하고 놀아요.

 

  • 친구하고 with a friend (하고 means “with”)

 

 

 

 

10. 읽어요 read                   (읽다 to read)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그는 책을 읽어요. (책 book)

 

 

 

 

11. 들어요 listen/hear      (듣다 to listen, to hear)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그녀는 음악을 들어요. (음악 music)

 

 

 

 

12. 써요 write/bitter/use   (쓰다 to write, to be bitter, to use)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 제 친구에게 편지를 써요. (편지 letter)

 

 

 

 

13. 만나요 meet                  (만나다 to meet)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 당신은 친구를 만나요. (친구 friend)

14. 만들어요 make                         (만들다 to make)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저희는 눈사람을 만들어요. (눈사람 snowman)

 

 

 

 

15. 사요 buy                                  (사다 to buy)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그녀는 가방을 사요. (가방 bag)

 

 

 

 

16. 보내요 spend (time)/send                 (보내다 to spend (time), to send)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex 1) 좋은 하루를 보내세요. (좋은 하루 a good day)  

  • …세요 please… (… is the infinitive stem of the verb)

 

 

ex 2) 저는 그에게 카드를 보내요. (카드 card)

 

 

 

 

 

17. 자요 sleep, go to bed (자다 to sleep, to go to bed)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저희는 일찍 자요. (일찍 early)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

18. 일어나요 get up, stand up  (일어나다 to get up, to stand up)           

 

 

                                                                                                  

ex) 저는 일찍 일어나요.

 

 

 

 

19. 입어요 wear                 (입다 to wear)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그들은 옷을 입어요. (옷 clothes)

 

 

 

 

20. 벗어요 take off                         (벗다 to take off)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그는 모자를 벗어요. (모자 hat)

 

 

 

 

21. 씻어요 wash body parts                        (씻다 to wash)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 손을 씻어요. (손 hand)

 

 

 

 

22. 줘요 give                                 (주다 to give)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그는 그녀에게 선물을 줘요. (선물 gift)

 

 

 

 

23. 살아요 live                   (살다 to live)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 서울에 살아요.

 

  • 서울에 in Seoul
  • A에 살아요 I live in A

 

 

 

24. 배워요 learn                  (배우다 to learn)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 당신들은 한국어를 배워요. (한국어 Korean)

 

 

 

 

25. 좋아해요like                 (좋아하다  to like)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 그들을 좋아해요.

 

 

 

 

26. 받아요receive              (받다  to receive)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 선물을 받아요. (선물 gift)

 

 

 

 

27. 알아요like                     (알다  to know)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 그들을 알아요.

28. 몰라요                             (모르다  not to know)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 그들을 몰라요.

 

 

 

 

29. 춤춰요 like                     (춤추다  to dance)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 춤춰요.  

 

 

 

 

30.  있어요 exist/stay/have       (있다 to exist/to stay/to have)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그는 고양이가 있어요. (고양이 cat)

 

 

 

 

31.  없어요 don’t exist/don’t stay/don’t have

     (없다to not exist, to not have/to not stay)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저희는 고양이가 없어요.

 

 

 

 

32. 재미있어요 interesting/entertaining (재미있다 to be interesting/entertaining)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 이 영화는 재미있어요. (이 this, 영화 movie)

 

33. 커요 big (size)                         (크다 to be physically big)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그는 커요.

 

 

 

 

34. 작아요 small (size)                (작다 to be physically small)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 아기는 작아요. (아기 baby)

 

 

 

 

35. 많아요 many/much (quantity)                (많다 to be many, to be much)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 사람이 많아요. (사람 person/people)

 

 

 

 

36. 적어요 little/few (quantity)            (적다 to be little, to be few)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 음식이 적어요. (음식 food)

 

 

 

 

37. 아름다워요 beautiful  (아름답다 to be beautiful)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그녀는 아름다워요.

 

38. 잘생겼어요 handsome (잘생겼다 to be handsome)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그는 잘생겼어요.

 

 

 

 

39. 착해요 nice/kind                      (착하다 to be nice/kind)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그는 착해요.

 

 

 

 

40. 건강해요 healthy                      (건강하다 to be healthy)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그들은 건강해요.

 

 

 

 

41. 아파요 sick                    (아프다 to be sick)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그녀는 아파요.

 

 

 

 

42. 바빠요 busy                   (바쁘다 to be busy)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저희는 바빠요.

43. 맛있어요 delicious       (맛있다 to be delicious)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 김치는 맛있어요. (김치 Kimchi)

 

 

 

 

44. 배고파요 hungry                       (배고프다 to be hungry)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 배고파요.

 

 

 

 

45. 배불러요 full                (배부르다to have a full stomach)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 배불러요.

 

 

 

 

46. 좋아요 good/nice                    (좋다 to be good/nice)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 날씨가 좋아요. (날씨 weather)

 

 

 

 

47. 어려워요 difficult         (어렵다 to be difficult)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 한국어는 어려워요.

 

 

 

48. 쉬워요 easy                   (쉽다 to be easy)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 한국어는 쉬워요.

 

 

 

 

49. 더워요 hot                   (덥다 to be hot (weather))

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 날씨가 더워요.

 

 

 

 

50. 추워요 cold                   (춥다 to be cold (weather))

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 날씨가 추워요.

 

 

 

 

 

NOUN + 하다 = VERB

 

Exercise 3) To memorize them better, write them down three times and translate them into English:

 

 

1. 요리해요 cook                 (요리하다 to cook)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 아침을 요리해요. (아침 breakfast)

 

 

 

 

 

2. 사랑해요 love                  (사랑하다 to love)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그는 그녀를 사랑해요.

 

 

 

 

3. 노래해요 sing                  (노래하다 to sing)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) K-pop 가수는 노래해요. (K-pop 가수 K-pop singer)

 

 

 

 

4. 말해요 speak                   (말하다 to speak)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그들은 한국어로 말해요. (한국어로 in Korean)

  • 로 through, by, with

 

 

 

 

5. 공부해요 study                (공부하다 to study)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 한국어를 공부해요.

 

 

 

 

 

6. 운동해요 exercise                      (운동하다 to exercise)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 당신들은 헬스장에서 운동해요.

 

  • 헬스장 gym, 헬스장에서 at the gym
  • 에서 is used when active verbs are present within the sentence e.g. Exercise, work, study. 에 is used for non action verbs e.g. To Be verbs, exist, not exist.

7. 일해요 work                   (일하다 to work)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저희는 열심히 일해요. (열심히 hard)

 

 

 

 

8. 여행해요 travel               (여행하다 to travel)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 당신은 한국을 여행해요. (한국 Korea)

 

 

 

 

9. 수영해요 swim                (수영하다 to swim)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그녀는 수영장에서 수영해요.

 

  • 수영장 swimming pool, 수영장에서 in a swimming pool
  • 에서 is used when active verbs are present within the sentence eg. Exercise, work, study. 에 is used for non action verbs eg. To Be verbs, exist, not exist.

 

 

 

 

10. 준비해요 prepare                     (준비하다 to prepare)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저희는 저녁을 준비해요. (저녁 dinner)

 

 

 

 

11. 운전해요 drive              (운전하다 to drive)

 

 

                                                                                                                       

 

ex) 저는 자동차를 운전해요. (자동차 automobile/car)

 

12. 결혼해요 marry                         (결혼하다 to marry)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저희는 결혼해요.

 

 

 

 

13. 생각해요 think             (생각하다 to think)

 

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 저는 그들을 생각해요.

 

 

 

 

14. 사용해요 use             (사용하다 to use)

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그는 화장실을 사용해요. (화장실 restroom)

 

 

 

 

15. 시작해요 start           (시작하다 to start)

 

                                                                                                  

 

ex) 그들은 한국어 공부를 시작해요. (공부 study)

 

 

 

 

Answers)

I. ‘To Be’ Verb (am, are, is)

 

Exercise 1)

1. 저는 학생이에요.

2. 당신은 친절해요.

3. 그는 의사예요.

4. 그녀는 선생님이에요.

5. 저희는 친구(들)이에요.

6. 당신들은 한국 사람(들)이에요. Or 당신들은 한국인(들)이에요.

7. 그들은 부모님이에요.

 

 

 

 

II.    Basic Verbs & Adjectives

 

Exercise 2)

 

1. I go to school.

2. It rains.

3. They do the homework.

4. She watches a movie.

5. He has a cat.

6. We don’t have a cat.

7. This movie is entertaining.

8. He is big.

9. Babies are small.

10. There are many people.

11. There is little food.

12. They eat Kimchi.

13. I drink milk.

14. We walk in the park.

15. She runs in the park.

16. I hang out with a friend.

17. He reads a book.

18. She listens to music.

19. I write a letter to my friend.

20. He speaks to her.

21. You meet a friend.

22. We make a snowman.

23. She buys a bag.

24. 1) Have a good day.

2) I send a card to him.

25. We go to bed early.

26. I get up early.

27. They wear (their) clothes.

28. He takes off a hat.

29. I wash (my) hands.

30. He gives a gift to her.

31. I live in Seoul.

32. She is beautiful.

33. He is handsome.

34. He is nice.

35. They are healthy.

36. She is sick.

37. We are busy.

38. Kimchi is delicious.

39. I think of him.

40. I am hungry.

41. I am full.

42. The weather is good.

43. I like them.

44. He loves her.

45. You learn Korean.

46. We study Korean.

47. Korean is difficult.

48. Korean is easy.

49. The weather is hot.

50. The weather is cold.

 

 

 

NOUN + 하다 = VERB

 

 

Exercise 3)

 

1. I cook breakfast.

2. He loves her.

3. K-pop singer sings.

4. They speak in Korean.

5. I study Korean.

6. You work out at the gym.

7. We work hard.

8. You travel to Korea.

9. She swims in a swimming pool.

10. We prepare dinner.

11. I drive a car.

12. We marry.

13. I think of them.

14. She plays the violin.

15. He uses the restroom.

16. They start Korean language studies.